Linux架設DHCP伺服器

原創：行動者

本來在研究DNS伺服器架設的，最近一直看DNS的書，頭都大了，想換個來玩玩，就選DHCP了，原以為應該要花個一天才能搞定的，結果只看了一下理論，一下子就搞定可，真是太簡單了。原來還想找本專門研究DHCP的書來看看，深入下去看看的，結果都找不到，汗，DHCP真是是這麼簡單么？

1、OS系統版本
[root@server ~]# more /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 4)

2、查看系統是否已經安裝DHCP服務端軟體
[root@server ~]# rpm -qa | grep dhcp
dhcpv6_client-0.10-14_EL4

3、將光碟mount上去，然後安裝DHCP服務端軟體
[root@server ~]# mount /media/cdrom
mount: block device /dev/hdc is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@server RPMS]# find /media/cdrom -name "dhcp*"
/media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/dhcpv6-0.10-14_EL4.i386.rpm
/media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/dhcpv6_client-0.10-14_EL4.i386.rpm
/media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-58.EL4.i386.rpm
/media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-devel-3.0.1-58.EL4.i386.rpm
[root@server RPMS]# rpm -ivh /media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-58.EL4.i386.rpm
[root@server RPMS]# rpm -qa | grep dhcp
dhcp-3.0.1-58.EL4
dhcpv6_client-0.10-14_EL4

到這兒已經安裝成功了，哈哈

4、查看一下，都有那些文件
[root@server RPMS]# rpm -ql grep dhcp
...
/etc/dhcpd.conf ----------------------------dhcp配置文件
/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay
/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay
/usr/bin/omshell
/usr/sbin/dhcpd
/usr/sbin/dhcrelay
/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1
/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/README
/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/RELNOTES
/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample-----dhcp配置文件的模板
/usr/share/man/man1/omshell.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/dhcp-eval.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/dhcpd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/dhcrelay.8.gz
/var/lib/dhcp
/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases -----------------分配IP的那個日誌文件

5、[root@server RPMS]# more /etc/dhcpd.conf
這兒有沒有什麼東東的，還是把模板文件COPY過來吧
[root@server RPMS]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf

6、查看配置文件，並根據自己的要求更改
[root@server RPMS]# more /etc/dhcpd.conf
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# --- default gateway
option routers 192.168.0.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
# option nis-domain "domain.org";
option domain-name "wiscom.com.cn";
option domain-name-servers 219.141.136.10,211.147.6.3;
option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.1.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.128 192.168.0.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
host ns {
next-server marvin.redhat.com;
hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
}
}

上面都已經很明了，該配置的都配置了

7、啟動DHCP伺服器啦
[root@server RPMS]# service dhcpd start
Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]

8、查看日誌，看看是否有錯
[root@server RPMS]# tail -20 /var/log/messages
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server V3.0.1
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd:
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Copyright 2004 Internet Systems Consortium.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Listening on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c5:06:fc/192.168.0/24
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Listening on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c5:06:fc/192.168.0/24
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Sending on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c5:06:fc/192.168.0/24
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Sending on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c5:06:fc/192.168.0/24
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd:
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Sending on Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd: Sending on Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Dec 9 18:05:19 server dhcpd:
Dec 9 18:05:20 server dhcpd: dhcpd startup succeeded

9、OK，都行了，看來在LINUX下面配置一個DHCP太簡單了，只要原理懂得就OK了。

Tags: linux system 系統