激活swap空間. [root@sqing ~]# swapoff usage: swapoff [-hV] swapoff -a [-v] swapoff [-v] special ... [root@sqing ~]# lvresize -L 4G /dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap #指定大小增加到4G Extending logical volume lv_swap to 4.00 GB Logical volume lv_swap successfully resized [root@sqing ~]# mkswap -f /dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4294963 kB [root@sqing ~]# swapon usage: swapon [-hV] swapon -a [-e] [-v] swapon [-v] [-p priority] special|LABEL=volume_name ... swapon [-s] （註：如果縮小swap邏輯卷,其操作步驟與上述步驟相同.） 操作完成後,查看當前的lv、vg信息,可以看到lv_swap現在已經是4G了,而邏輯卷的空閑大小由先前的7.88G,變為5.88G. [root@sqing ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [10.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [4.00 GB] inherit [root@sqing ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup00 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 6 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 636 Alloc PE / Size 448 / 14.00 GB Free PE / Size 188 / 5.88 GB VG UUID I6y3EN-nU8P-PWMp-gA32-rJ2W-E361-9zVTGH 三、現在要將磁碟剩餘空間利用起來. 在/dev/VolGroup00上新增一個邏輯分區,命名為lv_data,大小為邏輯卷組VolGroup00中剩餘的空間（5.88G）. 新建邏輯卷lv_data 步驟：創建新分區；接著格式化新分區；然後掛載新分區（Linux上不能直接使用分區,使用分區時是通過目錄存儲的,故需將lv_data掛載到一個目錄上） （註：以下操作,本想一下子使用剩餘的所有空間5.88G,但由於系統數據與顯示數據（G級位元組）上的出入,輸入的數字5.88G過大,后改為5.86G） [root@sqing ~]# lvcreate -L 5.88G -n lv_data /dev/VolGroup00 Rounding up size to full physical extent 5.91 GB Volume group "VolGroup00" has insufficient free space (188 extents): 189 required. [root@sqing ~]# lvcreate -L 5.86G -n lv_data /dev/VolGroup00 Rounding up size to full physical extent 5.88 GB Logical volume "lv_data" created [root@sqing ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 770048 inodes, 1540096 blocks 77004 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1577058304 47 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16384 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 查看此時的vg信息,發現剩餘空間剛好用完. [root@sqing ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup00 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 7 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 636 Alloc PE / Size 636 / 19.88 GB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID I6y3EN-nU8P-PWMp-gA32-rJ2W-E361-9zVTGH [root@sqing ~]# mkdir /home/data [root@sqing ~]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data /home/data [root@sqing ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-lv_root 9.7G 926M 8.3G 10% / /dev/sda1 99M 13M 82M 13% /boot tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-lv_data 5.8G 140M 5.4G 3% /home/data 四、假設,為了方便管理,要在lv_data邏輯卷上擠出一部分空間（只留3G）,用來新建一個邏輯卷lv_develop.那麼,需要先縮小lv_data,然後再建lv_develop.出於數據安全的考慮,宜將邏輯卷從目錄中卸載下來,再進行大小調整. 這裡為了驗證測試,在卸載之前,先在/home/data目錄下創建一些文件. [root@sqing ~]# cd /home/data/ [root@sqing data]# touch 001.txt 002.txt 003.txt [root@sqing data]# ls #卸載lv_data后,/home/data目錄下有數據 001.txt 002.txt 003.txt lost found [root@sqing data]# cd [root@sqing ~]# umount /home/data/ [root@sqing ~]# ls /home/data/ #卸載lv_data后,/home/data目錄為空 [root@sqing ~]# 縮小邏輯卷lv_data 步驟：用e2fsck命令檢查分區,再更改文件系統大小,縮小邏輯卷大小 [root@sqing ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006) Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data: 14/770048 files (7.1% non-contiguous), 59982/1540096 blocks [root@sqing ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) The filesystem is already 1540096 blocks long. Nothing to do! [root@sqing ~]# lvresize -L 3G /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 3.00 GB THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.) Do you really want to reduce lv_data? [y/n]: y Reducing logical volume lv_data to 3.00 GB Logical volume lv_data successfully resized 查看此時的vg信息,發現已經騰出了2.88G的空間. [root@sqing ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup00 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 8 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 636 Alloc PE / Size 544 / 17.00 GB Free PE / Size 92 / 2.88 GB VG UUID I6y3EN-nU8P-PWMp-gA32-rJ2W-E361-9zVTGH 此時的lv_data邏輯卷大小為3G. [root@sqing ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [10.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [4.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_data' [3.00 GB] inherit 新建邏輯卷lv_develop 步驟：創建新分區；接著格式化新分區. （註：吸收上面的教訓,邏輯卷的大小不要一下子設為2.88G,而是要小一些,這裡設為2.8G） [root@sqing ~]# lvcreate -L 2.8G -n lv_develop /dev/VolGroup00 Rounding up size to full physical extent 2.81 GB Logical volume "lv_develop" created [root@sqing ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 368736 inodes, 737280 blocks 36864 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=754974720 23 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16032 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. Lv_develop創建好了,大小了2.81G. [root@sqing ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [10.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [4.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_data' [3.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop' [2.81 GB] inherit 查看此時的vg信息,發現還有64M的剩餘空間. [root@sqing ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup00 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 9 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 4 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 636 Alloc PE / Size 634 / 19.81 GB Free PE / Size 2 / 64.00 MB VG UUID I6y3EN-nU8P-PWMp-gA32-rJ2W-E361-9zVTGH 為了充分利用空間資源,將64M空閑空間加入到lv_develop中, 擴大邏輯卷lv_develop 步驟：先擴大邏輯分區大小,再更改文件系統以使其擴容 [root@sqing ~]# lvresize -L 64M /dev/VolGroup00/lv_d #增加64M,注意前面有個加號 lv_data lv_develop [root@sqing ~]# lvresize -L 64M /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop Extending logical volume lv_develop to 2.88 GB Logical volume lv_develop successfully resized [root@sqing ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Resizing the filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop to 753664 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop is now 753664 blocks long. [root@sqing ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_root' [10.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap' [4.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_data' [3.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop' [2.88 GB] inherit 查看此時的vg信息,發現剩餘空間全部用光了,很好. [root@sqing ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup00 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 10 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 4 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 636 Alloc PE / Size 636 / 19.88 GB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID I6y3EN-nU8P-PWMp-gA32-rJ2W-E361-9zVTGH 將兩個邏輯卷掛載到指定目錄中. [root@sqing ~]# mkdir /home/develop [root@sqing ~]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data /home/data/ [root@sqing ~]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop /home/develop/ 檢查一下lv_data中數據 （註：lv_data縮小后的空間大小,一定要大於縮小之前已用空間的大小） [root@sqing ~]# ls /home/data/ #/home/data目錄下的數據全都在 001.txt 002.txt 003.txt lost found [root@sqing ~]# ls /home/develop/ #/home/develop目錄為空是當然的 lost found 至此,LVM相關操作完畢. 為了使系統在重啟后自動掛載邏輯卷,需要掛載lv_data、lv_develop的信息寫入到/etc/fstab中,/etc/fstab修改後的內容如下： [root@sqing ~]# cat /etc/fstab /dev/VolGroup00/lv_root / ext3 defaults 1 1 LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/VolGroup00/lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/VolGroup00/lv_data /home/data ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/VolGroup00/lv_develop /home/develop ext3 defaults 0 0 以上操作,一年前就已經學會了的,不過不常玩,便生疏了,如今重溫,撰寫此筆記. 實際工作中,會遇加硬碟的情況,要先創建分區（主分區、擴展分區）、格化、掛載,然後,才能使用以上命令進行LVM管理.
本文出自 「一樹清勁」 博客,請務必保留此出處http://sunshyfangtian.blog.51cto.com/1405751/860018
[火星人 ] CentOS 5 LVM邏輯卷管理已經有912次圍觀
