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linux下本地和伺服器yum的搭建全過程

←手機掃碼閱讀     火星人 @ 2014-03-09 , reply:0

YUM的基本工作流程如下: 伺服器端:在伺服器上面存放了所有的RPM軟體包,然後以相關的功能去分析每個RPM文件的依賴性關係,將這些數據記錄成文件存放在伺服器的某特定目錄內. 客戶端:如果需要安裝某個軟體時,先下載伺服器上面記錄的依賴性關係文件(可通過WWW或FTP方式),通過對伺服器端下載的紀錄數據進行分析,然後取得所有相關的軟體,一次全部下載下來進行安裝. 一. 伺服器端配置 1.1 安裝FTP 服務,並配置自啟動 [root@centos Server]# rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5.i386.rpm warning: vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:vsftpd ########################################### [100%] [root@centos Server]# chkconfig vsftpd on [root@centos Server]# chkconfig vsftpd --list vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@centos Server]# service vsftpd restart Shutting down vsftpd: [FAILED] Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]

[root@centos Server]# ftp 127.0.0.1 1.2 複製RPM 包 將RHEL 5.4光碟中的Server、VT、Cluster、ClusterStorage四個目錄複製到/var/ftp/nmyum下 cp /mnt/cdrom/* ./ 1.3. 安裝createrepo包,並重建包依賴關係 createrepo包是用來生成RPM 依賴關係及分組信息的. 搭建YUM伺服器,必須要重建著2個信息. [root@centos Server]# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm warning: createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:createrepo ########################################### [100%] [root@centos Server]# rpm -q createrepo createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5 [root@centos Server]# 1.3.2 重建分組及依賴關係 在RHEL 5中每個目錄下的repodata目錄下都有一個repomd.xml,該文件中就記錄了rpm包的依賴關係,還有一個comps-rhel5-*.xml文件,這個文件主要記錄分組情況,建立yum倉庫時,需要先重建該文件. 重建Server:

[root@centos nmyum]# createrepo -g /var/ftp/nmyum/Server/repodata/comps-rhel5-server-core.xml /var/ftp/nmyum/Server/ 2292/2292 - xorg-x11-xinit-1.0.2-15.el5.i386.rpm --這裡有2千多個包 Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata [root@centos nmyum]# 重建VT: [root@centos nmyum]# createrepo -g /var/ftp/nmyum/VT/repodata/comps-rhel5-vt.xml /var/ftp/ nmyum /VT/ 36/36 - Virtualization-or-IN-5.2-11.noarch.rpm Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata 重建Cluster: [root@centos nmyum]# createrepo -g /var/ftp/nmyum/Cluster/repodata/comps-rhel5-cluster.xml /var/ftp/nmyum/Cluster/ 32/32 - Cluster_Administration-zh-TW-5.2-1.noarch.rpm Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata 重建ClusterStorage:

[root@centos nmyum]# createrepo -g /var/ftp/nmyum/ClusterStorage/repodata/comps-rhel5-cluster-st.xml /var/ftp/nmyum/ClusterStorage/ 39/39 - Global_File_System-or-IN-5.2-1.noarch.rpm Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata [root@centos pub]# 1.4 修改YUM 配置文件 在每個客戶端使用YUM時,必須需要修改配置文件. 我們先看文件: /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo. 這個文件名稱可以隨便定義,但是擴展名必須是repo. 這個是我CentOS上的部分內容. 其他的類似. 這個文件其實是在使用yum安裝的客戶端使用的. 我們在伺服器創建這個配置文件的原因是方便使用. 假如在公司里的Linux客戶端非常多,我們不必去修改每個客戶端的這個YUN配置文件. 只需要從伺服器上將這個文件下載到本機就可以了. 在YUM伺服器上創建文件: [rhel-server] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[rhel-vt] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux vt baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/VT enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [rhel-clusterstorage] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux clusterstorage baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/ClusterStorage enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [rhel-cluster] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/Cluster enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.22/nmyum/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release 說明: 這裡提供的只是一個FTP地址,可以使用其他的方式來實現FTP. 不一定非要像第一步里說明的,使用LINUX的FTP. 相關參數說明: [ ]:內的是倉庫的名字,不重複即可. name:倉庫的描述.

baseurl: YUM源地址, 這裡配置的是FTP,還可以是HTTP,FILE等. enabled :是否啟用這個倉庫,1為起用,0為禁用
gpgcheck :是否檢查GPG簽名(驗證要安裝的包是不是REDHAT官方的).
二. 客戶端配置 [root@singledb yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@singledb yum.repos.d]# wget ftp://192.168.6.2/nmyum/rhel54.86.repo --2011-01-03 11:39:53-- ftp://192.168.6.2/nmyum/rhel54.86.repo => `rhel54.86.repo.1' Connecting to 192.168.6.2:21... connected. Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in! ==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done. ==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD /pub ... done. ==> SIZE rhel54.86.repo ... 471 ==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR rhel54.86.repo ... done. Length: 471 100%[==========================================================>] 471 --.-K/s in 0s 2011-01-03 11:39:53 (23.6 MB/s) - `rhel54.86.repo.1' saved [471] [root@singledb yum.repos.d]# yum update

Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. rhel-ClusterStorage | 1.1 kB 00:00 rhel-ClusterStorage/primary | 8.3 kB 00:00 rhel-ClusterStorage 39/39 rhel-base | 1.1 kB 00:00 rhel-base/primary | 806 kB 00:00 rhel-base 2292/2292 rhel-cluster | 1.1 kB 00:00 rhel-cluster/primary | 5.9 kB 00:00 rhel-cluster 32/32 rhel-vt | 1.1 kB 00:00 rhel-vt/primary | 9.0 kB 00:00 rhel-vt 36/36

Skipping security plugin, no data Setting up Update Process No Packages marked for Update 用yum 安裝 ant : [root@singledb yum.repos.d]# yum -y install ant Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package ant.i386 0:1.6.5-2jpp.2 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: xml-commons-apis for package: ant --> Running transaction check ---> Package xml-commons-apis.i386 0:1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: xml-commons = 1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 for package: xml-commons-apis --> Running transaction check ---> Package xml-commons.i386 0:1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ==================================================================================================== Installing: ant i386 1.6.5-2jpp.2 rhel-base 2.0 M Installing for dependencies: xml-commons i386 1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 rhel-base 19 k xml-commons-apis i386 1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 rhel-base 335 k Transaction Summary ==================================================================================================== Install 3 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 2.4 M Downloading Packages: (1/3): xml-commons-1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10.i386.rpm | 19 kB 00:00 (2/3): xml-commons-apis-1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10.i386.rpm | 335 kB 00:00

(3/3): ant-1.6.5-2jpp.2.i386.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 3.3 MB/s | 2.4 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : xml-commons 1/3 Installing : xml-commons-apis 2/3 Installing : ant 3/3 Installed: ant.i386 0:1.6.5-2jpp.2 Dependency Installed: xml-commons.i386 0:1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 xml-commons-apis.i386 0:1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10 Complete! [root@singledb yum.repos.d]#

本地yum 的話只需改變一下 Vim /etc/yum.repo.d/server1.repo [rhel-server] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [rhel-vt] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux vt baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/VT enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [rhel-cluster] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Cluster enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [rhel-clusterstorage] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux clusterstorage baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ClusterStorage

enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

本文出自 「心靈規劃」 博客,請務必保留此出處http://haoxiaoyang.blog.51cto.com/4449963/786155


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