首先看官網的DataFrame.plot( )函數
DataFrame.plot(x=None, y=None, kind='line', ax=None, subplots=False, sharex=None, sharey=False, layout=None,figsize=None, use_index=True, title=None, grid=None, legend=True, style=None, logx=False, logy=False, loglog=False, xticks=None, yticks=None, xlim=None, ylim=None, rot=None, xerr=None,secondary_y=False, sort_columns=False, **kwds)
參數詳解如下:
Parameters: x : label or position, default None#指數據框列的標籤或位置參數 y : label or position, default None kind : str ‘line' : line plot (default)#折線圖 ‘bar' : vertical bar plot#條形圖 ‘barh' : horizontal bar plot#橫向條形圖 ‘hist' : histogram#柱狀圖 ‘box' : boxplot#箱線圖 ‘kde' : Kernel Density Estimation plot#Kernel 的密度估計圖,主要對柱狀圖添加Kernel 概率密度線 ‘density' : same as ‘kde' ‘area' : area plot#不瞭解此圖 ‘pie' : pie plot#餅圖 ‘scatter' : scatter plot#散點圖 需要傳入columns方向的索引 ‘hexbin' : hexbin plot#不瞭解此圖 ax : matplotlib axes object, default None#**子圖(axes, 也可以理解成座標軸) 要在其上進行繪製的matplotlib subplot對象。如果沒有設置,則使用當前matplotlib subplot**其中,變量和函數通過改變figure和axes中的元素(例如:title,label,點和線等等)一起描述figure和axes,也就是在畫布上繪圖。 subplots : boolean, default False#判斷圖片中是否有子圖 Make separate subplots for each column sharex : boolean, default True if ax is None else False#如果有子圖,子圖共x軸刻度,標籤 In case subplots=True, share x axis and set some x axis labels to invisible; defaults to True if ax is None otherwise False if an ax is passed in; Be aware, that passing in both an ax and sharex=True will alter all x axis labels for all axis in a figure! sharey : boolean, default False#如果有子圖,子圖共y軸刻度,標籤 In case subplots=True, share y axis and set some y axis labels to invisible layout : tuple (optional)#子圖的行列布局 (rows, columns) for the layout of subplots figsize : a tuple (width, height) in inches#圖片尺寸大小 use_index : boolean, default True#默認用索引做x軸 Use index as ticks for x axis title : string#圖片的標題用字符串 Title to use for the plot grid : boolean, default None (matlab style default)#圖片是否有網格 Axis grid lines legend : False/True/'reverse'#子圖的圖例,添加一個subplot圖例(默認為True) Place legend on axis subplots style : list or dict#對每列折線圖設置線的類型 matplotlib line style per column logx : boolean, default False#設置x軸刻度是否取對數 Use log scaling on x axis logy : boolean, default False Use log scaling on y axis loglog : boolean, default False#同時設置x,y軸刻度是否取對數 Use log scaling on both x and y axes xticks : sequence#設置x軸刻度值,序列形式(比如列表) Values to use for the xticks yticks : sequence#設置y軸刻度,序列形式(比如列表) Values to use for the yticks xlim : 2-tuple/list#設置座標軸的範圍,列表或元組形式 ylim : 2-tuple/list rot : int, default None#設置軸標籤(軸刻度)的顯示旋轉度數 Rotation for ticks (xticks for vertical, yticks for horizontal plots) fontsize : int, default None#設置軸刻度的字體大小 Font size for xticks and yticks colormap : str or matplotlib colormap object, default None#設置圖的區域顏色 Colormap to select colors from. If string, load colormap with that name from matplotlib. colorbar : boolean, optional #圖片柱子 If True, plot colorbar (only relevant for ‘scatter' and ‘hexbin' plots) position : float Specify relative alignments for bar plot layout. From 0 (left/bottom-end) to 1 (right/top-end). Default is 0.5 (center) layout : tuple (optional) #佈局 (rows, columns) for the layout of the plot table : boolean, Series or DataFrame, default False #如果為正,則選擇DataFrame類型的數據並且轉換匹配matplotlib的佈局。 If True, draw a table using the data in the DataFrame and the data will be transposed to meet matplotlib's default layout. If a Series or DataFrame is passed, use passed data to draw a table. yerr : DataFrame, Series, array-like, dict and str See Plotting with Error Bars for detail. xerr : same types as yerr. stacked : boolean, default False in line and bar plots, and True in area plot. If True, create stacked plot. sort_columns : boolean, default False # 以字母表順序繪製各列,默認使用前列順序 secondary_y : boolean or sequence, default False ##設置第二個y軸(右y軸) Whether to plot on the secondary y-axis If a list/tuple, which columns to plot on secondary y-axis mark_right : boolean, default True When using a secondary_y axis, automatically mark the column labels with “(right)” in the legend kwds : keywords Options to pass to matplotlib plotting method Returns:axes : matplotlib.AxesSubplot or np.array of them
1、畫圖圖形
import pandas as pd from pandas import DataFrame,Series df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(4,4),index = list('ABCD'),columns=list('OPKL')) df Out[4]: O P K L A -1.736654 0.327206 -1.000506 1.235681 B 1.216879 0.506565 0.889197 -1.478165 C 0.091957 -2.677410 -0.973761 0.123733 D -1.114622 -0.600751 -0.159181 1.041668
注意一下散點圖scatter是需要傳入兩個Y的columns參數的:
傳入x,y參數
同時畫多個子圖,可以設置 subplot = True
2、注意事項:
- 在畫圖時,要注意首先定義畫圖的畫布:fig = plt.figure( )
- 然後定義子圖ax ,使用 ax= fig.add_subplot( 行,列,位置標)
- 當上述步驟完成後,可以用 ax.plot()函數或者 df.plot(ax = ax)
- 在jupternotebook 需要用%定義:%matplotlib notebook;如果是在腳本編譯器上則不用,但是需要一次性按流程把代碼寫完;
- 結尾時都注意記錄上plt.show()
[zhang3221994 ] 詳解pandas.DataFrame.plot() 畫圖函數已經有435次圍觀