前段時間在弄postfix郵局，碰到了很多問題，最後原因都是由於看的那些教程沒有把細結部分寫出來，導致初學問題多多，這裡就把我的過程寫出來，本文是通過結合了ＣＵ上各位前輩的一些文章總結配置成功而寫的，供需要學習的同學參考
首先先裝好apache+php+mysql
步驟這裡不提了
需要安裝以下軟體:postfix(一款MTA),postfixadmin(管理郵局帳號),cyrus-sasl(安全認證軟體),dovecot(一款安全pop軟體)
wget http://dovecot.org/releases/1.2/dovecot-1.2.9.tar.gz
wget http://downloads.sourceforg[…]_2.3.tar.gz?use_mirror=nchc
wget ftp://ftp.andrew.cmu.edu/[…]/cyrus-sasl-2.1.23.tar.gz
wget ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/[…]/postfix-2.6.5.tar.gz
(1)安裝postfixadmin
tar zxf postfixadmin_2.3.tar.gz
mv postfixadmin_2.3 /usr/local/wwwroot/postfix
cd /usr/local/wwwroot/postfix
cp config.inc.php.sample config.inc.php
vi config.inc.php
找這行$CONF['default_language'] = 'en';
改為$CONF['default_language'] = 'cn'; //讓postfixadmin 支持中文
找到 $CONF['domain_in_mailbox'] = 'YES';
改為$CONF['domain_in_mailbox'] = 'NO'; // If you don't want to have the domain in your mailbox set this to 'NO'.
找到此行：$CONF['encrypt'] =
改為CONF['encrypt'] = 'cleartext'; //明文存入mysql
配置apache訪問postfixadmin
vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
生成認證文件
/usr/local/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /var/run/admin admin //其中/var/run/admin為文件名,最後的admin為用戶名
ew password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user admin
輸入兩次密碼後生成用戶admin
添加mysql用戶
create database postfix;
GRANT all privileges on postfix.* TO postfix@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'PostFIX_1228';
flush privileges;
運行安裝嚮導前需要安裝php的imap擴展
先安裝依賴包，否則會報錯
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel
wget ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/mail/imap.tar.Z
tar zxf imap.tar.z
cd imap-2007a
make lr5 PASSWDTYPE=std SSLTYPE=unix.nopwd IP6=4
echo "set disable-plaintext nil" > /etc/c-client.cf
mkdir /usr/local/imap-2007a
mkdir /usr/local/imap-2007a/include/
mkdir /usr/local/imap-2007a/lib/
chmod -R 077 /usr/local/imap-2007a
cp imapd/imapd /usr/sbin/
cp c-client/*.h /usr/local/imap-2007a/include/
cp c-client/*.c /usr/local/imap-2007a/lib/
cp c-client/c-client.a /usr/local/imap-2007a/lib/libc-client.a
cd /usr/local/src/php-5.2.10/ext/imap
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php-config --with-imap-ssl --with-imap=/usr/local/imap-2007a
make && make install
然後在php.ini中加入 extension = "imap.so"
重啟apache
打開http://yourip/setup.php就可以開始postfixadmin的安裝了，安裝完后可以進行添加域和用戶的操作，這裡添加了域mail.abc.com,用戶名lsm@mail.abc.com
(2)安裝cyrus-sasl
tar zxf cyrus-sasl-2.1.23.tar.gz
cd cyrus-sasl
./configure --enable-login --enable-sql --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/lib/sasl2 /usr/lib/sasl2
(3)安裝postfix
停用sendmail
service sendmail stop
chkconfig --level 345 sendmail off
mv /usr/bin/newaliases /usr/bin/newaliases.orig
mv /usr/bin/mailq /usr/bin/mailq.orig
mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.orig
groupadd -g 12345 postfix
useradd -u 12345 -g 12345 -c postfix -d /dev/null -s /bin/false postfix
groupadd -g 54321 postdrop
tar zxf postfix-2.6.5.tar.gz
cd postfix-2.6.5
make -f Makefile.init makefiles \
'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/local/mysql/include \
-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DDEF_SERVER_SASL_TYPE=\"dovecot\"' \
'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lm'
make && make install
然後下一步下一步默認就可以
echo postfix: root >>/etc/aliases
newaliases
(4)安裝配置dovecot
mkdir -p /data/mailbox
chown -R postfix.postfix /data/mailbox
useradd -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin dovecot
tar zxf dovecot-1.2.9.tar.gz
cd dovecot-1.2.9
./configure --with-sql --with-sql-drivers --with-mysql
make && make install
vi /usr/local/etc/dovecot.conf
protocols=pop3
listen=*
disable_plaintext_auth = no
ssl_disable = yes
auth_debug = yes
log_path = /var/log/pop3.log
mail_location = maildir:/data/mailbox/%u
pop3_uidl_format=%08Xu%08Xv
mail_uid = 12345
mail_gid = 12345
first_valid_uid = 12345
auth default {
mechanisms = PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5
passdb sql {
args = /usr/local/etc/dovecot-sql.conf
}
userdb sql {
args = /usr/local/etc/dovecot-sql.conf
}
socket listen {
client {
path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client
mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
}
}
vi /usr/local/etc/dovecot-sql.conf
driver = mysql
connect = host=localhost dbname=postfix user=postfix password=PostFIX_1228
default_pass_scheme = MD5
password_query = SELECT password, maildir as userdb_home FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u'
user_query = select maildir as home,12345 as uid ,12345 as gid from mailbox where username='%u' And active='1'
(5)配置postfix
vi /etc/postfix/main.cf
command_directory = /usr/sbin
config_directory = /etc/postfix
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
debug_peer_level = 2
html_directory = no
inet_interfaces = all
mail_owner = postfix
mailbox_size_limit = 209715200 #容量大小
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
message_size_limit = 52428800 #限制附件大小
mydomain = mail.abc.com #域名
myhostname = mail #主機名
mynetworks = 0.0.0.0/0 #配置這一項使用用戶可在任意地發送郵件
mynetworks_style = subnet
myorigin = $mydomain
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory = no
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
setgid_group = postdrop
#配置使用dovecot的sql認證
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination
#上面這個smtpd_recipient_restrictions後面的項目每個逗號后都要有一個空格，否則會有問題
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
#虛擬用戶設定
virtual_alias_domains =
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:12345
virtual_mailbox_base = /data/mailbox/
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit = 209715200
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_transport = virtual
virtual_uid_maps = static:12345
vi /etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = PostFIX_1228
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
table = alias
select_field = goto
where_field = address
vi /etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = PostFIX_1228
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
table = domain
select_field = description
where_field = domain
vi /etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = PostFIX_1228
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
table = mailbox
select_field = maildir
where_field = username
(6)運行測試
在測試前需要在DNS伺服器上建一個MX記錄解析到本機
postfix start
dovecot
然後用netstat -putln查看25和110埠是否啟動
測試認證
telnet localhost 25
ehlo localhost # 手工輸入返回下列信息表示postfix運行良好
250-mail
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 52428800
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
auth login #手工輸入進行認證
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
bHNtQG1haWwuYWJjLmNvbQ== #手工輸入用戶名的base64編碼
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
MTIzNDU2 #手工輸入密碼的base64編碼
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
235 2.7.0 Authentication successful #返回該信息表示認證成功
mail from:lsm@mail.abc.com #發件人地址
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:lsm@163.com #收件人地址
data
sdfasdfsdfsf #輸入發信內容
. #結束輸入發信內容
subject:test email #發信主題
將字元轉換為base64編碼的方法
vi a.php
<?php
echo base64_encode("lsm@mail.abc.com");
echo "
;";
echo base64_encode("123456");
?>;
運行/usr/local/php/bin/php a.php就可以看到轉換的base64編碼
測試收信
telnet localhost 110
user lsm@mail.abc.com #輸入用戶名
+OK
pass 123456 #輸入密碼
+OK Logged in.
list #列出新郵件
+OK 1 messages: #有一封新郵件
1 1608
整個過程完成了，你可以在outlook或者foxmail上配置看能不能正常收發郵件，注意用戶名是完整的，如lsm@mail.abc.com，這個郵件地址就是用戶名
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