Centos5.4 xen虛擬化技術應用
本人轉自我的博客http://www.opvps.com 分享給Centos系Xen玩家
1.以文件img磁碟方式存放虛擬機
2.基於複製本機文件生成Centos5.4虛擬機
3.Debian5.0.3虛擬機系統安裝
一.以文件方式存放虛擬機
生成映像
dd if=/dev/zero of=/u1/xenvm/centos.img oflag=direct bs=1M seek=40960 count=1
生成40GB的虛擬機映像 不立即分配空間 作為存取文件系統
dd if=/dev/zero of=/u1/xenvm/centos.swap oflag=direct bs=1M seek=512 count=1
生成512M的虛擬機映像 不立即分配空間 作為虛擬機的swap
格式化/u1/xenvm/centos.img
mkfs.ext3 /u1/xenvm/centos.img
格式化swap
mkswap /u1/xenvm/centos.swap
二.其於複製本機文件生成Centos5.4虛擬機
1.mount 出img
mount -o loop /u1/xenvm/centos.img /mnt
2.建系統目錄並設許可權
mkdir /mnt/{home,proc,opt,sys,tmp}
chmod 777 /mnt/tmp
3.複製系統所需文件
cp -ax /{bin,dev,etc,lib,root,sbin,usr,var} /mnt
cp -ax /lib/modules/$(uname -r) /mnt/lib/modules/$(uname -r)
4.修改如下四個文件
/etc/fstab #分區
/etc/passwd #用戶及密碼
/etc/hosts #hosts文件
/etc/sysconfig/network #主機名
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 #ip地址
其中/etc/fstab根據主機定義及虛擬機的配置文件定義
主機/etc/fstat如下
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/opt /opt ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/sdb /u1 ext3 defaults,noatime 1 2
/dev/sdc /u2 ext3 defaults,noatime 1 2
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
虛擬機/etc/fstab寫成如下
/dev/xvda1 / ext3 defaults 1 1
/dev/xvda2 none swap sw 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
5.生成虛擬機的配置文件/etc/xen/centos.cfg
kernel = 「/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-164.6.1.el5xen」
ramdisk = 「/boot/initrd-2.6.18-164.6.1.el5xen.img」
memory = 256
name = 「centos」
vif = [ 'bridge=xenbr0' ]
vcpus=2
disk = ['tap:aio:/u1/xenvm/vm104.img,xvda1,w', 'tap:aio:/u1/xenvm/vm104.swap,xvda2,w']
root = 「/dev/xvda1 ro」
6.啟動 xm create -c /etc/xen/centos.cfg即可啟動
7.備註出現 : No such file or directory這種錯誤的話
Mounting root filesystem.
mount: could not find filesystem 『/dev/root』
Setting up other filesystems.
Setting up new root fs
setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory
no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults
setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory
setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory
Switching to new root and running init.
unmounting old /dev
unmounting old /proc
unmounting old /sys
switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory
Booting has failed.
則執行如下操作
cd /boot
mkinitrd –omit-scsi-modules –with=xennet –with=xenblk –preload=xenblk initrd-$(uname -r)-no-scsi.img $(uname -r)
再修改/etc/xen/centos.cfg中的ramdisk = 「/boot/initrd-2.6.18-164.6.1.el5xen.img」為
ramdisk = 「/boot/initrd-2.6.18-164.6.1.el5xen-no-scsi.img」
三.Debian5.0.3虛擬機系統安裝
1.下載啟動所需的文件
wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/xen/vmlinuz
wget http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/xen/initrd.gz
2.設定安裝配置文件
/etc/xen/debina.cfg
kernel = 「/boot/vmlinuz」 ＃下載的vmlinuz位置
ramdisk = 「/boot/initrd.gz」 ＃下載的initrd.gz位置
memory = 256
name = 「debian」
vif = [ 'bridge=xenbr0' ]
vcpus=2
disk = [ 'tap:aio:/u1/xenvm/debian.img,xvda,w', ] #按1中生成debian.img無需格式化
3.啟動並完成網路安裝(建議安裝過程debian國內鏡相伺服器)
xm create -c /etc/xen/debian.cfg
4.安裝完成後修改配置文件如下
/etc/xen/debina.cfg
bootloader=」/usr/bin/pygrub」
memory = 256
name = 「debian」
vif = [ 'bridge=xenbr0' ]
vcpus=2
disk = [ 'tap:aio:/u1/xenvm/debian.img,xvda,w', ]
###
全文完！
《解決方案》
不錯，支持下
《解決方案》
幫頂
《解決方案》
支持，學習了
《解決方案》
寫的不錯,收藏了
《解決方案》
好貼一定要頂。呵呵呵，謝謝樓主分享。。
《解決方案》
《解決方案》
回復 1# leaf1981
請教lz，我碰到了你在「2.基於複製本機文件生成Centos5.4虛擬機」中描述的問題，並且也重新製作了initrd文件，但是仍然沒辦法啟動虛擬機，還是會報如下錯誤：請教，是什麼問題呢?
# xm create -c vm02
Using config file "/etc/xen/vm02".
Started domain vm02
Bootdata ok (command line is root=/dev/sda1 ro )
Linux version 2.6.18-194.3.1.el5xen (mockbuild@builder10.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Thu May 13 13:49:53 EDT 2010
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000040800000 (usable)
No mptable found.
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 264192
Kernel command line: root=/dev/sda1 ro
Initializing CPU#0
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 32768 bytes)
Xen reported: 2659.998 MHz processor.
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
Software IO TLB disabled
Memory: 1013760k/1056768k available (2512k kernel code, 34088k reserved, 1396k data, 184k init)
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6654.60 BogoMIPS (lpj=13309218)
Security Framework v1.0.0 initialized
SELinux: Initializing.
selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability
Capability LSM initialized as secondary
Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K
CPU: L2 cache: 256K
CPU: L3 cache: 12288K
CPU: Physical Processor ID: 1
CPU: Processor Core ID: 10
(SMP-)alternatives turned off
Brought up 1 CPUs
checking if image is initramfs... it is
Grant table initialized
NET: Registered protocol family 16
Brought up 1 CPUs
PCI: setting up Xen PCI frontend stub
ACPI: Interpreter disabled.
Linux Plug and Play Support v0.97 (c) Adam Belay
pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled
xen_mem: Initialising balloon driver.
usbcore: registered new driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new driver hub
PCI: System does not support PCI
PCI: System does not support PCI
NetLabel: Initializing
NetLabel: domain hash size = 128
NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4
NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 262144 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 262144 bind 65536)
TCP reno registered
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
type=2000 audit(1275899989.072:1): initialized
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
Initializing Cryptographic API
alg: No test for crc32c (crc32c-generic)
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 7664334D64FC7447
- User ID: CentOS (Kernel Module GPG key)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
rtc: IRQ 8 is not free.
Non-volatile memory driver v1.2
Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones
brd: module loaded
Xen virtual console successfully installed as xvc0
Bootdata ok (command line is root=/dev/sda1 ro )
Linux version 2.6.18-194.3.1.el5xen (mockbuild@builder10.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Thu May 13 13:49:53 EDT 2010
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000040800000 (usable)
No mptable found.
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 264192
Kernel command line: root=/dev/sda1 ro
Initializing CPU#0
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 32768 bytes)
Xen reported: 2659.998 MHz processor.
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
Software IO TLB disabled
Memory: 1013760k/1056768k available (2512k kernel code, 34088k reserved, 1396k data, 184k init)
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6654.60 BogoMIPS (lpj=13309218)
Security Framework v1.0.0 initialized
SELinux: Initializing.
selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability
Capability LSM initialized as secondary
Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K
CPU: L2 cache: 256K
CPU: L3 cache: 12288K
CPU: Physical Processor ID: 1
CPU: Processor Core ID: 10
(SMP-)alternatives turned off
Brought up 1 CPUs
checking if image is initramfs... it is
Grant table initialized
NET: Registered protocol family 16
Brought up 1 CPUs
PCI: setting up Xen PCI frontend stub
ACPI: Interpreter disabled.
Linux Plug and Play Support v0.97 (c) Adam Belay
pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled
xen_mem: Initialising balloon driver.
usbcore: registered new driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new driver hub
PCI: System does not support PCI
PCI: System does not support PCI
NetLabel: Initializing
NetLabel: domain hash size = 128
NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4
NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 262144 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 262144 bind 65536)
TCP reno registered
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
type=2000 audit(1275899989.072:1): initialized
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
Initializing Cryptographic API
alg: No test for crc32c (crc32c-generic)
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 7664334D64FC7447
- User ID: CentOS (Kernel Module GPG key)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
rtc: IRQ 8 is not free.
Non-volatile memory driver v1.2
Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones
brd: module loaded
Xen virtual console successfully installed as xvc0
Event-channel device installed.
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2
ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
usbcore: registered new driver hiddev
usbcore: registered new driver usbhid
drivers/usb/input/hid-core.c: v2.6:USB HID core driver
PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly.
i8042.c: No controller found.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
md: md driver 0.90.3 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
md: bitmap version 4.39
TCP bic registered
Initializing IPsec netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vbd/2049
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vif/0
Initalizing network drop monitor service
Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 483k
Red Hat nash version 5.1.19.6 starting
Mounting proc filesystem
Mounting sysfs filesystem
Creating /dev
Creating initial device nodes
Setting up hotplug.
Creating block device nodes.
Loading xenblk.ko module
Registering block device major 8
Loading xennet.ko module
netfront: Initialising virtual ethernet driver.
netfront: device eth0 has flipping receive path.
Loading ehci-hcd.ko module
Loading ohci-hcd.ko module
Loading uhci-hcd.ko module
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v3.0
Loading jbd.ko module
Loading ext3.ko module
Loading scsi_mod.ko module
SCSI subsystem initialized
Loading sd_mod.ko module
register_blkdev: cannot get major 8 for sd
Loading megaraid_sas.ko module
megasas: 00.00.04.17-RH1 Wed. Nov. 25, 11:41:51 PST 2009
Loading shpchp.ko module
shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
Loading dm-mod.ko module
device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.11.5-ioctl (2007-12-12) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
Loading dm-log.ko module
Loading dm-mirror.ko module
Loading dm-zero.ko module
Loading dm-snapshot.ko module
Loading dm-mem-cache.ko module
Loading dm-region_hash.ko module
Loading dm-message.ko module
Loading dm-raid45.ko module
device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l
Waiting for driver initialization.
Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices
Creating root device.
Mounting root filesystem.
EXT3-fs: INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem.
EXT3-fs: write access will be enabled during recovery.
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs: recovery complete.
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
Setting up other filesystems.
Setting up new root fs
no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults
Switching to new root and running init.
unmounting old /dev
unmounting old /proc
unmounting old /sys
exec of init (/sbin/init) failed!!!: No such file or directory
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
#
《解決方案》
一般來講的話是IMG的問題，貼出你的xen conf文檔看看
《解決方案》
回復 9# leaf1981
恩，問題找到了，是不能chroot到新建立的 / 下面，因為我的機器裝的是64為的centos5.5，所以少拷貝了一個目錄lib64.導致在切換過去的時候，報錯~~~
