linux系統下手動創建oracle資料庫
在Linux平台下,手工創建一個資料庫的操作有幾個步驟： 1、確認唯一的instance和database name ; 2、選擇database的字符集； 3、設定操作系統的環境變數； 4、建立初始化參數文件； 5、啟動instance到nomount狀態； 6、執行create database命令； 7、至少運行兩個腳本文件； 測試條件說明：在oracle創建之初,已經創建了一個資料庫orcl (這個操作在),這裡再用手工的方式創建一個kwen資料庫. 1、首先打開putty,切換到oracle用戶： login as: root
root@192.168.1.60's password:
Last login: Thu Jan 21 23:27:52 2010 from 192.168.1.2
[root@localhost root]# su – oracle 查看當前的環境變數的配置：
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ env |grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/10gR2
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Jan 21 23:28:07 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL< exit
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ vi env.new RACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10gR2
ORACLE_SID=kwen
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH [oracle@localhost oracle]$ chmod 755 env.new
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ . ./env.new
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ env |grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=kwen
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/10gR2
[oracle@localhost oracle]$mkdir –p /opt/oracle/admin/kwen/bdump [oracle@localhost oracle]$mkdir –p /opt/oracle/admin/kwen/udump [oracle@localhost oracle]$mkdir –p /opt/oracle/admin/kwen/cdump [oracle@localhost oracle]$mkdir –p /opt/oracle/oradata/kwen 創建資料庫的密碼文件 [oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd /opt/oracle/10gR2/dbs [oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
initdw.ora initorcl.ora spfileorcl.ora
orapworcl hc_orcl.dat init.ora lkORCL [oracle@localhost dbs]$orapwd file=/opt/oracle/10gR2/dbs/orapwkwen password=admin entries=10; [oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
hc_kwen.dat hc_orcl.dat initdw.ora init.ora initorcl.ora lkORCL orapwkwen orapworcl spfileorcl.ora [oracle@localhost dbs]$ cp initorcl.ora initkwen.ora [oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora
orcl.__db_cache_size=46137344
orcl.__java_pool_size=8388608
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=41943040
*.background_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_advice='ON'
*.db_cache_size=37748736
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_max_size=104857600
*.sga_target=104857600
*.shared_pool_size=37748736
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initkwen.ora
kwen.__db_cache_size=46137344
kwen.__java_pool_size=8388608
kwen.__large_pool_size=4194304
kwen.__shared_pool_size=41943040
*.background_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/kwen/bdump'
*.compatible='10.1.0.2.0'
##*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/control02.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/kwen/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_advice='ON'
*.db_cache_size=37748736
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='kwen'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_max_size=104857600
*.sga_target=104857600
*.shared_pool_size=37748736
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/kwen/udump' 將所有的orcl換成新的SID：kwen,並且註釋掉控制文件的一行.在這裡要將裡面所指定的目錄全部建好. [oracle@localhost dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Jan 22 00:05:07 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL< conn / as sysdba;
Connected.
SQL< create spfile from pfile; SQL< startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes
Fixed Size 777932 bytes
Variable Size 57680180 bytes
Database Buffers 46137344 bytes
Redo Buffers 262144 bytes SQL< !
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
hc_kwen.dat hc_orcl.dat initdw.ora initkwen.ora init.ora initorcl.ora lkKWEN lkORCL orapwkwen orapworcl spfilekwen.ora spfileorcl.ora
[oracle@localhost kwen]$ vi create.sql
create database kwen
controlfile reuse
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/system1.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/sysaux.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited
default temporary tablespace temp1
tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/temp1.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited
undo tablespace UNDOTBS1
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/undo1.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited
default tablespace kwen
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/kwen.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited
extent management local autoallocate
logfile
group 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/redo1.log' size 100m reuse,
group 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/redo2.log' size 100m reuse,
group 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/kwen/redo3.log' size 100m reuse
character set al32utf8
;
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ exit
exit SQL< conn /as sysdba;
Connected. SQL< @/opt/oracle/10gR2/dbs/create.sql 執行結束后,開始去運行catalog.sql及cataproc.sql兩個腳本文件,則這兩個文件執行完畢后,kwen這個資料庫已經創建成功. SQL< @/opt/oracle/10gR2/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql SQL< @/opt/oracle/10gR2/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql 至此一個資料庫已經創建成功. 可能你在創建的時候會遇到很多的問題,請檢查你的腳本文件的語法,或者已經有數據文件存在（這裡可不指定size大小,而用reuse選項即可）,還有一種可能就是你的許可權不足,無法寫入等. 這裡總結下,主要的步驟： 1、寫設置新的環境變數腳本文件 2、創建密碼文件及parameter參數文件 3、創建符合OFA的空目錄 4、創建create database的腳本文件 5、運行catalog.sql與catproc.sql兩個腳本文件 好了,就這樣容易....本文出自 「楊冬的博客」 博客,請務必保留此出處http://yangdong.blog.51cto.com/2959198/800101
[火星人
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