本節將介紹linux群集的雙機備份詳細的配置步驟,這個有點類似windows 2003系統中NLB服務,即用兩台相同的伺服器對外提供服務,從而實現負載均衡,在這裡使用的是虛擬IP來對外提供服務,即使宕了一台伺服器,其他的伺服器還是能夠正常的使用虛擬IP對外提供服務的,所以可用性比較高點!
本例中,需要兩張網卡,eth1用來檢測心跳演算法,也就是專門用來檢測其他伺服器是否存活用的,eth0可以用來連接外網,但真正不使用這個網卡的IP對外提供服務,儘管數據包經過了這個網卡.(下面來簡單介紹下node1
的配置步驟,node2基本雷同)[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:FE:19:84
inet addr:192.168.254.238 Bcast:192.168.254.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fefe:1984/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:16461 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2037 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1587876 (1.5 MiB) TX bytes:291219 (284.3 KiB)
Interrupt:59 Base address:0x2000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:FE:19:7A
inet addr:192.168.211.128 Bcast:192.168.211.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fefe:197a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:10434 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:9567 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1623625 (1.5 MiB) TX bytes:1621602 (1.5 MiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1419 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1419 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:161262 (157.4 KiB) TX bytes:161262 (157.4 KiB)
[root@node1 ~]#
yum search heartbeat (通過yum服務搜索和安裝heartbeat服務)============================== Matched: heartbeat ==============================
heartbeat.i386 : heartbeat - The Heartbeat Subsystem for High-Availability Linux
heartbeat-devel.i386 : heartbeat development package
heartbeat-gui.i386 : Provides a gui interface to manage heartbeat clusters
heartbeat-ldirectord.i386 : Monitor daemon for maintaining high availability
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install heartbeat
Setting up Install Process
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 3.3 M
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ql heartbeat |grep /usr/share/doc (查找並配置相關配置文件如下)
/usr/share/doc/heartbeat-2.1.3
/usr/share/doc/heartbeat-2.1.3/AUTHORS
[root@node1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/ha.d/ha.cf
logfile /var/log/ha-log 定義日誌文件位置
logfacility local0
keepalive 2 定義心跳檢測時間為2s
deadtime 30
[root@node1
[root@node1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/ha.d/haresources
node1 192.168.254.88 httpd 設置虛擬
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 添加hosts文件記錄
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
[root@node1
[root@node1 ~]# service heartbeat start 啟動heartbeat服務
Starting High-Availability services:
2009/04/24_07:35:15 INFO: Resource is stopped
keyfile [/etc/ha.d/authkeys], 600 recommended.
heartbeat[3908]: 2009/04/24_07:35:16 ERROR: Authentication configuration error.
heartbeat[3908]: 2009/04/24_07:35:16 ERROR: Configuration error, heartbeat not started.
[root@node1 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys
此處需要修改下authkeys文件的許可權為600[root@node1 ~]# service heartbeat start
logd is already running
Starting High-Availability services:
2009/04/24_07:35:45 INFO: Resource is stopped
[ OK ]
[root@
[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig 查看下確實多了個虛擬IP
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:FE:19:84
inet addr:192.168.254.238 Bcast:192.168.254.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fefe:1984/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:17232 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2086 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1656731 (1.5 MiB) TX bytes:298013 (291.0 KiB)
Interrupt:59 Base address:0x2000
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:FE:19:84
inet addr:192.168.254.88 Bcast:192.168.254.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:59 Base address:0x2000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:FE:19:7A
inet addr:192.168.211.128 Bcast:192.168.211.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fefe:197a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:11024 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10041 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1719778 (1.6 MiB) TX bytes:1704088 (1.6 MiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1419 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1419 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:161262 (157.4 KiB) TX bytes:161262 (157.4 KiB)
[root@node1 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 192.168.211.128 for ServerName
[ OK ]
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